Motor learning - Clinical Trials Hanlon, R.E. (1996). Motor learning following unilateral stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 77, 811-815. Very appropriate application of literature on contextual interference to a randomized clinical trial with a sample of patients. Ferguson, J.M., & Trombly, C.A. (1997). The effect of added-purpose and meaningful occupation on motor learning. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 51, 508-515. Claims that motor learning research focuses on knowledge of results (KR) and practice, and makes case for exercise approaches that are purposeful and meaningful. Kim HJ. Kramer JF. Effectiveness of visual feedback during isokinetic exercise. [ClinicalTrial. Journal Article. Randomized Controlled Trial] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports PhysicalTherapy. 26(6):318-23, 1997 Dec. ************ Non-trial research into motor learning Stevans, J., & Hall, K.G. (1998). Motor skill acquisition strategies for rehabilitation of low back pain. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 28, 165-167. This article is a poorly written attempt to review and apply research literature in the areas of contextual interference, self-evaluation, and transfer-appropriate processing. Readers who are beginning to learn about this area should beware its oversimplifications and misinterpretations, especially those that regard transfer-appropriate processing. Blackwell JR. Newell KM. The informational role of knowledge of results in motor learning. [Journal Article] Acta Psychologica. 92(2):119-29, 1996 Jul. Willingham DB. Peterson EW. Manning C. Brashear HR. Patients with Alzheimer's disease who cannot perform some motor skills show normal learning of other motor skills. [JournalArticle] Neuropsychology. 11(2):261-71, 1997 Apr. van Mier H. Tempel LW. Perlmutter JS. Raichle ME. Petersen SE. Changes in brainactivity during motor learning measured with PET: effects of hand of performance and practice.[Journal Article] Journal of Neurophysiology. 80(4):2177-99, 1998 Oct. Schweighofer N. Spoelstra J. Arbib MA. Kawato M. Role of the cerebellum in reachingmovements in humans. II. A neural model of the intermediate cerebellum. [Journal Article]European Journal of Neuroscience. 10(1):95-105, 1998 Jan. Goodbody, S.J., & Wolpert, D.M. (1998). Temporal and amplitude generalization in motor learning. Journal of Neurophysiology, 79, 1825-1838. Discusses scaling and parameterization of movement plans. ******** imaginary versus physical practice Hall C. Bernoties L. Schmidt D. Interference effects of mental imagery on a motor task.[Clinical Trial. Journal Article. Randomized Controlled Trial] British Journal of Psychology. 86 (Pt 2):181-90, 1995 May. Abstract | Complete Reference Yaguez L. Nagel D. Hoffman H. Canavan AG. Wist E. Homberg V. A mental route to motor learning: improving trajectorial kinematics through imagery training. [Clinical Trial. JournalArticle] Behavioural Brain Research. 90(1):95-106, 1998 Jan. *********** A great deal of literature tries to peer into the black box and characterize the neural correlates of learning. Some good articles. Lisberger, S.G. (1995). Learning. A mechanism of learning found? Current Biology, 5, 221-224. Looks at cerebellar std, and evidence in knockout mice Striedter, G.F. (1998). A comparative perspective on motor learning. Neurobiology of Learning & Memory, 70,189-196. Thach, W.T. (1998). A role for the cerebellum in learning movement coordination. Neurobiology of Learning & Memory, 70, 177-188. Jueptner M. Frith CD. Brooks DJ. Frackowiak RS. Passingham RE. Anatomy of motorlearning. II. Subcortical structures and learning by trial and error. [Clinical Trial. Journal Article.Randomized Controlled Trial] Journal of Neurophysiology. 77(3):1325-37, 1997 Mar. Jueptner M. Stephan KM. Frith CD. Brooks DJ. Frackowiak RS. Passingham RE.Anatomy of motor learning. I. Frontal cortex and attention to action. [Clinical Trial. JournalArticle] Journal of Neurophysiology. 77(3):1313-24, 1997 Mar. ******** Parkinson's disease as a model for motor learning, especially in the distinction between pursuit/tracking (feedforward) and precision (feedback-guided) tasks: Dominey PF. Ventre-Dominey J. Broussolle E. Jeannerod M. Analogical transfer iseffective in a serial reaction time task in Parkinson's disease: evidence for a dissociable form ofsequence learning. [Clinical Trial. Journal Article] Neuropsychologia. 35(1):1-9, 1997 Jan. Verschueren SM. Swinnen SP. Dom R. De Weerdt W. Interlimb coordination in patientswith Parkinson's disease: motor learning deficits and the importance of augmented informationfeedback. [Journal Article] Experimental Brain Research. 113(3):497-508, 1997 Mar. ****************** sources from the Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport: 26. Etnier JL. Landers DM. Motor performance and motor learning as a function of age andfitness. [Journal Article] Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport. 69(2):136-46, 1998 Jun. Carnahan H. Vandervoort AA. Swanson LR. The influence of summary knowledge ofresults and aging on motor learning. [Clinical Trial. Journal Article] Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport. 67(3):280-7, 1996 Sep. Wrisberg CA. Dale GA. Liu Z. Reed A. The effects of augmented information on motor learning: a multidimensional assessment. [Clinical Trial. Journal Article. Randomized ControlledTrial] Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport. 66(1):9-16, 1995 Mar. Robertson S. Elliott D. Specificity of learning and dynamic balance. [Clinical Trial.Journal Article] Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport. 67(1):69-75, 1996 Mar. Smith PJ. Taylor SJ. Withers K. Applying bandwidth feedback scheduling to a golf shot.[Journal Article] Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport. 68(3):215-21, 1997 Sep. 114. Guadagnoli MA. Dornier LA. Tandy RD. Optimal length for summary knowledge of results: the influence of task-related experience and complexity. [Journal Article] ResearchQuarterly for Exercise & Sport. 67(2):239-48, 1996 Jun. ************* articles in Perceptual and Motor Skills Smith PJ. Attention and the contextual interference effect for a continuous task. [JournalArticle] Perceptual & Motor Skills. 84(1):83-92, 1997 Feb. Lidor R. Effectiveness of a structured learning strategy on acquisition of game-relatedgross motor tasks in school settings. [Journal Article] Perceptual & Motor Skills. 84(1):67-80,1997 Feb. Wishart LR. Lee TD. Effects of aging and reduced relative frequency of knowledge ofresults on learning a motor skill. [Journal Article] Perceptual & Motor Skills. 84(3 Pt1):1107-22, 1997 Jun. *********** Much motor learning literature has to do with simple neurological models, including learning as it relates to eye blink reflexes, optokinetic reflexes, and the like: Weber KD. Fletcher WA. Gordon CR. Melvill Jones G. Block EW. Motor learning inthe "podokinetic" system and its role in spatial orientation during locomotion. [Clinical Trial. JournalArticle] Experimental Brain Research. 120(3):377-85, 1998 Jun. Highstein SM. Role of the flocculus of the cerebellum in motor learning of thevestibulo-ocular reflex. [Journal Article] Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. 119(3):212-20,1998 Sep. Lisberger SG. Physiologic basis for motor learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex. [Review][19 refs] [Journal Article. Review. Review, Tutorial] Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery.119(1):43-8, 1998 Jul.